Flotation Processing Of Pgms

Flotation modelling Process optimisation Flotation kinetics abstract Performance of froth flotation recovery plants for platinum group minerals (PGMs) is usually monitored by means of routine chemical assays of samples taken at various locations in the plant. Whilst these assays can alert the plant metallurgist to variations in recovery, the reasons for changes in recovery are not adequately

Froth flotation is the process used in the Platinum Group Metal industry to upgrade the run-of-mine ore for subsequent processes such as smelting and hydrometallurgical PGM refining. The PGM concentrator plants achieve high PGM recoveries (>85%) when treating prestine (unweathered) sulphide ores. However, the depletion of prestine sulphide PGM bearing minerals has triggered interest in

Different flotation reagent schemes and lixiviants were evaluated and their PGMs extraction response measured. Characterization of the PGM ore used in this study indicated that it was enriched in

2/10/2017· About 80% of the worlds’ reserves for platinum group metals (PGMs) are in South Africa’s Bushveld Igneous Complex. Processing of PGM involves comminution, flotation, smelting, converting, base metals refinery and precious metals refinery. Due to increasing chrome content in the feed and the challenges associated with operating high chrome feed, alternative routes to smelting of PGM are

1/10/2012· Laboratory scale rougher flotation rate tests on several PGM ores were used to establish the initial “default” flotation predictor parameters which appear in the user interface when the flotation predictor software is run. This was achieved by performing mineralogical investigations on concentrates collected at 1, 3, 7, 20 and 40 min during the flotation rate tests on each ore. The

Wet chemical treatment known as froth flotation produces a concentrate which is dried and smelted in an electric furnace at temperatures over 1,500°C. A matte containing the valuable metals is transferred to converters to remove iron and sulphur. PGMs are then separated from the base metals nickel, copper and cobalt, and refined to a high level of purity using a combination of solvent

particularly useful for processing fine-grained ores that are not amenable to conventional gravity concentration. Figure 1: The flotation system includes many interrelated components, and changes in one area will produce compensating effects in other areas (Klimpel, 1995) Froth flotation is a good example of an engineering “system”, in that the various important parameters are highly inter

The conventional process sequence involves: smelting of a flotation concentrate to remove gangue material and to produce an iron-nickel-copper-PGM matte converting by blowing air through this matte to oxidize iron sulphide and to transfer the oxidized iron to the slag leaching the resulting copper-nickel- PGM matte to dissolve the copper and nickel and obtain a residue for feed to the refinery

1/10/2012· Laboratory scale rougher flotation rate tests on several PGM ores were used to establish the initial “default” flotation predictor parameters which appear in the user interface when the flotation predictor software is run. This was achieved by performing mineralogical investigations on concentrates collected at 1, 3, 7, 20 and 40 min during the flotation rate tests on each ore. The

The total revenues of PGMs in the flotation concentrate and leach liquor were discounted by 50%, considering that further processing to produce pure metal would still be necessary in each case. The reagent costs were based on quotations from bulk chemical suppliers in the mining industry. The flotation route was shown to be profitable, with revenue exceeding reagent costs by 81% while the

During the ion exchange process, with the rate of solution passing being: 2 volumes of solution to 1 volume of resin per hour, the following residual pgm content in the sorbate was (in mg l −1): platinum . 1; palladium 1–1.5; rhodium 1; ruthenium 3–4; iridium 1–2. The residual contents correspond to a total pgms recovery of 95 to 98%

of improving flotation of PGMs by measuring the slow floating ratio (SFR) and analysing the effect on grade and recoveries as dosages of flotation reagents are altered. The fast floating fractions are usually recovered earlier on in the flotation circuit whilst the slower floating values are recovered at the back end of the circuit in the scavengers, cleaners, and high energy cells. The work

recovery and grade of PGMs from UG2 ore by flotation. Flotation is a process of separating minerals from one another: this technique depends primarily on the difference in the wettability of the particles. This concept is broad and researchers continuously carry out test works to find optimum conditions to improve both grade and recovery of PGMs. Flotation depends on a number of factors which

Wet chemical treatment known as froth flotation produces a concentrate which is dried and smelted in an electric furnace at temperatures over 1,500°C. A matte containing the valuable metals is transferred to converters to remove iron and sulphur. PGMs are then separated from the base metals nickel, copper and cobalt, and refined to a high level of purity using a combination of solvent

recovery of PGMs. In a pilot-plant trial, after a 5 mole per cent replacement of the current DTC/DTP collector combination by C 12-TTC, large opaque bubbles were replaced by small clear ones. In addition, a similar flotation response was realized with one-third of the current depressant dosage.

The conventional process sequence involves: smelting of a flotation concentrate to remove gangue material and to produce an iron-nickel-copper-PGM matte converting by blowing air through this matte to oxidize iron sulphide and to transfer the oxidized iron to the slag leaching the resulting copper-nickel- PGM matte to dissolve the copper and nickel and obtain a residue for feed to the refinery

large PGMs processing operations because the correct improvement opportunities to flotation recovery and grade [5,6]. Also, the cost of reagents typically runs into tens of millions of dollars per annum for a large PGMs operation, and therefore reagent optimization presents a good opportunity for cost improvement, especially in these critical financial times [7]. This study was undertaken to

Metallurgical ContentAdvances in Column FlotationGold Flotation & ColumnsEffect of Aeration RateEffect of Pulp Bubble SizeEffect of Column HeightEffect of Feed Solids ContentEffect of Froth Bubble Diameter Column flotation cells, like mechanical cells, are used to perform mineral separations. Column cells do not use mechanical agitation (impellers). Instead, mixing is achieved by the

The beneficiation of platinum group metals (PGMs) from pristine (unweathered) sulfide ores has conventionally been conducted through froth flotation, which typically achieves platinum recoveries of over 85%. The achieved successes of PGM concentration by flotation from the pristine sulfide ores are largely due to the occurrence of PGMs in close association with base metal sulfide minerals like

recovery and grade of PGMs from UG2 ore by flotation. Flotation is a process of separating minerals from one another: this technique depends primarily on the difference in the wettability of the particles. This concept is broad and researchers continuously carry out test works to find optimum conditions to improve both grade and recovery of PGMs. Flotation depends on a number of factors which

The chemistry of pyrrhotite flotation using xanthate collectors is reviewed with respect to the processing of PGM ores and the recent results from captive bubble contact angle measurements at the University of Utah are presented. In some cases a low

process route which is a mill float mill float plant operation from this, the gravity concentrate is extracted. The sulphides are concentrated by flotation. The flotation concentrates undergo smelting and convertion, to produce a PGM-containing nickel-copper matte. The matte is treated by using hydrometallurgy to separate the base metals from the precious metals [9]. Finally, the PGMs

recovery of PGMs. In a pilot-plant trial, after a 5 mole per cent replacement of the current DTC/DTP collector combination by C 12-TTC, large opaque bubbles were replaced by small clear ones. In addition, a similar flotation response was realized with one-third of the current depressant dosage.

Most companies that extract PGMs from base metal sulphide deposits currently use flotation as a primary extraction process. For the foreseeable future, comminution followed by froth flotation will continue to be the major focus areas in the PGM mineral beneficiation process. Continuous effort is being made to improve the technical and operational efficiency of flotation. Anglo Platinum has 20

7/5/2018· The recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs) from spent automobile catalysts is a difficult process because of their relatively low contents in the scrap. In this study, to improve the efficiency of the existing recycling techniques, a novel physical concentration method involving treatment with FeCl2 vapor has been examined. The reactions occurring between typical catalyst components and

The use of multiple sources of water supply and introducing water reuse in mineral processing have been part of the operating philosophy for the minerals industry to save freshwater and reduce mine water discharge. A consequence of implementing these practices is that water quality can be compromised, which in turn can impact flotation performance. A number of studies have shown that dissolved

to be exploited due to its relative ease of processing given the fairly large quantities of sulphides hosting the well-associated platinum-group minerals (PGMs) (Jones, 1999). Recent developments in flotation technology have led to the exploitation of the more difficult to process chromite-bearing UG-2 reef. New expansions are focused on

The conventional process sequence involves: smelting of a flotation concentrate to remove gangue material and to produce an iron-nickel-copper-PGM matte converting by blowing air through this matte to oxidize iron sulphide and to transfer the oxidized iron to the slag leaching the resulting copper-nickel- PGM matte to dissolve the copper and nickel and obtain a residue for feed to the refinery